A same-metric difference from the U.S. median is unavailable for this row. The row could not be ranked because the matching median was unavailable. Neither comparison adjusts for cost of living, benefits, experience, employer mix, or hours.
Price-level context
What the local median may buy
BEA's 2024 all-items price index for Alabama was 88.8, or 11.2% below the national price level. Its housing index was 61.8.
National-price-dollar proxy
Not available
WageScope divides the published Engine and Other Machine Assemblers median by the BEA all-items index. This is a price-level comparison, not take-home pay, a personal budget, or a quality-of-life score.
Engine and Other Machine Assemblers in Alabama: wage guide
Use the local pay range, same-source bench marks, job scale, price level, and survey care marks as separate facts. This guide stays tied to SOC 51-2031 and BLS area 01.
Questions, answered
Engine and Other Machine Assemblers pay in Alabama: common questions
What is the median wage for Engine and Other Machine Assemblers in Alabama?
BLS did not publish a median for Engine and Other Machine Assemblers in Alabama in the May 2025 OEWS release. WageScope does not substitute or infer the missing wage.
Is Engine and Other Machine Assemblers pay higher in Alabama than nationally?
BLS did not publish the same median metric needed to compare Alabama with the United States.
Does the wage estimate adjust for cost of living in Alabama?
No wage price proxy is available because BLS did not publish an exact local median. A top-coded bound is not an exact wage input. A BEA price index, when available, describes prices separately and cannot fill that wage gap.
How many Engine and Other Machine Assemblers jobs does BLS estimate in Alabama?
From market data to your evidence
Tailor for a real Engine and Other Machine Assemblers job, not a generic wage number.
Pick an eligible listing, then MeritLog can help you prepare from experience you have confirmed. WageScope never turns a BLS estimate into a qualification or résumé claim.
What the Engine and Other Machine Assemblers median says in Alabama
BLS did not publish an exact median for Engine and Other Machine Assemblers in Alabama in the May 2025 OEWS release. The source display is Not published. WageScope does not borrow the U.S. wage, use a nearby place, or turn this gap into zero. The row stays tied to SOC 51-2031 and BLS area 01.
BLS lists 2,520 wage and salary jobs for this exact role-place row. That is a survey estimate, not a count of open posts. The mean display is Not published. A mean and a median are separate fields; one does not fill a gap in the other.
A local-to-national median gap cannot be computed from this row. The national source belongs to the United States and does not become Alabama's wage. Any published percentile or job-count field below keeps its own scope, period, and source key.
This page exists because the BLS artifact has one row for SOC 51-2031 and area 01. SOC 51-2031 names Engine and Other Machine Assemblers. Area 01 names Alabama. Both keys must match before WageScope can show or index this answer.
The 51-2031/01 row reports 2,520 wage and salary jobs, 1.19 jobs per 1,000 local jobs, and a 5.45 location quotient. Each value stays under the same two source keys.
For 51-2031/01, the annual median is Not published, while the matching mean is Not published. The row is published with annual and hourly fields. WageScope does not switch units to fill a blank.
51-2031/01 10th percentile: Not published.
51-2031/01 25th percentile: Not published.
51-2031/01 median: Not published.
51-2031/01 75th percentile: Not published.
51-2031/01 90th percentile: Not published.
51-2031/01 employment RSE: 4.5%. Mean-wage RSE: Not published.
51-2031/01 suppression marks: annualMean: not available, annualMedian: not available, annualP10: not available, annualP25: not available, annualP75: not available, annualP90: not available, hourlyMean: not available, hourlyMedian: not available, hourlyP10: not available, hourlyP25: not available, hourlyP75: not available, hourlyP90: not available, meanRse: not available.
BLS area 01 facts behind this Engine and Other Machine Assemblers page
Area 01 reports 2,113,660 wage and salary jobs across all covered occupations. Its annual mean is $57,500. Its annual median is $45,670. The employment RSE is 0%. The mean-wage RSE is 0.3%. These are facts for the whole area. They do not replace the 51-2031 row.
The all-jobs wage ladder in Alabama runs from $26,090 at the 10th percentile to $101,250 at the 90th percentile. The 25th percentile is $32,050. The median is $45,670. The 75th percentile is $66,790. This is a place check, not a pay range for Engine and Other Machine Assemblers.
The source rows below are the six largest detailed roles in the bounded area file. Each keeps its own SOC code. They help a reader spot-check area 01. They do not show related skills or a path into Engine and Other Machine Assemblers.
1. Area 01, SOC 41-2031, Retail Salespersons: 60,880 jobs, $30,040 annual median, 28.81 jobs per 1,000, and 1.15 location quotient.
2. Area 01, SOC 29-1141, Registered Nurses: 54,340 jobs, $77,080 annual median, 25.71 jobs per 1,000, and 1.18 location quotient.
3. Area 01, SOC 51-2090, Miscellaneous Assemblers and Fabricators: 53,280 jobs, $42,700 annual median, 25.21 jobs per 1,000, and 2.79 location quotient.
Pay range
Read the Alabama wage ladder for Engine and Other Machine Assemblers
The 10th percentile is Not published. The 25th percentile is Not published. The median is Not published. The 75th percentile is Not published. The 90th percentile is Not published.
A percentile is a rank point, not a career stage. The 10th percentile does not mean new-worker pay. The 90th percentile does not mean a wage that comes after a set number of years. The points show how the wage values spread in the source. They do not say why one job sits at one point.
The middle half runs from Not published to Not published. The 10th-to-90th span is not available. Use the full ladder when a job post sits far from the median.
Alabama has a annual median of Not published. No exact state row is linked for this area. The U.S. row has $53,710 per year. WageScope keeps annual and hourly values apart.
A state comparison is not available for Alabama. Alabama cannot be compared with the United States on the same published median. WageScope leaves that gap open. A gap can reflect many things that are not in this row. WageScope reports the gap but does not name a cause.
The state and U.S. rows are bench marks, not replacements. They do not fill missing local facts. A state can hold many local labor markets. A national row can hold many states. Read the local row first, then use the broader rows to see scale.
Where Alabama sits for Engine and Other Machine Assemblers
Alabama has no exact published median that can enter this Engine and Other Machine Assemblers pay rank. WageScope leaves the rank open. It does not treat a missing or top-coded value as an exact amount, and it does not place this row at the bottom of a list.
Other states and territories may have exact medians in the same release. Those rows can be read on their own pages. They cannot establish a wage or a nearest wage neighbor for Alabama without the missing local field.
Employment and local share remain separate source fields for SOC 51-2031. Neither field is a substitute for median pay. A job count does not say where a wage would rank, and a share measure does not set a pay floor or ceiling.
Where Engine and Other Machine Assemblers medians lead among states and territories
The rows below use the same SOC 51-2031, the same annual median, the same May 2025 BLS release, and the same state map type. Ohio has the highest published median in this set, at $74,750 per year. Alabama sits at Not published.
A pay lead is one fact. It does not show the size of the job base. It does not show how common Engine and Other Machine Assemblers is in the local mix. It also does not add local prices. The bullets keep the median, job count, and location quotient together so a high wage is not read as a full market score.
Use this list to choose a deeper pair, not to choose a place. Open the two local pages. Check the full wage ladder, the job scale, the survey care marks, and the exact BEA price row when present. A missing median stays out of this rank instead of becoming zero.
1. Ohio has a Engine and Other Machine Assemblers median of $74,750 per year, or not available. BLS lists 3,430 jobs there, compared with 2,520 in Alabama. The location quotient is 2.83.
2. Washington has a Engine and Other Machine Assemblers median of $72,800 per year, or not available. BLS lists 370 jobs there, compared with 2,520 in Alabama. The location quotient is 0.47.
Job-base leaders
Where BLS counts the most Engine and Other Machine Assemblers jobs
Michigan has the largest published state job estimate for Engine and Other Machine Assemblers in this same-source set, at 5,030 jobs. Alabama has 2,520. The count shows covered job scale, not open posts.
A large job base can have a lower median than a smaller one. It can also have a location quotient near or below 1. That is why WageScope does not blend job count, pay, and local share. Each field keeps its name and unit. The rows below let you compare all three without making one score.
Current MeritLog listings can add a dated view of employer-title matches. They do not change this May 2025 order. A place with few current cards can still have a large BLS job estimate. A place with several cards can still have a smaller estimate. The sources use different clocks and scopes.
1. Michigan has 5,030 estimated Engine and Other Machine Assemblers jobs, a gap of 2,510 jobs from Alabama. Its median is $60,950 per year, or not available. Its location quotient is 5.22.
2. Ohio has 3,430 estimated Engine and Other Machine Assemblers jobs, a gap of 910 jobs from Alabama. Its median is $74,750 per year, or not available. Its location quotient is 2.83.
Local-share leaders
Where Engine and Other Machine Assemblers takes the largest share of local jobs
South Dakota has the highest published location quotient in this state set, at 5.51. Alabama has 5.45. A value above 1 means the role's local job share is larger than its national share.
A high quotient can come from a small local job base. It does not prove more jobs, more posts, faster growth, or higher pay. The bullets keep each quotient beside its BLS job count and median. This lets a reader see when the three measures point in different ways.
Use this list to ask where Engine and Other Machine Assemblers is a large part of the local mix. Use the employment list to ask where BLS counts the most jobs. Use the pay list to ask where the median is highest. None of those lists decides where a person should work.
1. South Dakota has a location quotient of 5.51, a gap of 0.06 from Alabama. BLS lists 550 Engine and Other Machine Assemblers jobs and a median of $45,930 per year, or not available.
2. Michigan has a location quotient of 5.22, a gap of 0.23 from Alabama. BLS lists 5,030 Engine and Other Machine Assemblers jobs and a median of $60,950 per year, or not available.
3. South Carolina has a location quotient of 3.88, a gap of 1.57 from Alabama. BLS lists 1,960 Engine and Other Machine Assemblers jobs and a median of $46,950 per year, or not available.
Job scale and share
How common Engine and Other Machine Assemblers is in Alabama
BLS lists 2,520 Engine and Other Machine Assemblers jobs in Alabama. It also lists 1.19 jobs per 1,000 local jobs. Jobs per 1,000 turns the count into a rate. It helps compare places of different size. It does not show open posts or hiring speed.
The location quotient is 5.45. A value of 1 means Engine and Other Machine Assemblers has the same share of local jobs as it has across the nation. This row is higher than 1. The quotient is a share check, not a wage or a growth measure.
Read the three values as separate facts. Employment asks how many covered jobs BLS estimated. Jobs per 1,000 asks how much of the local job base the role takes. Location quotient asks how that share compares with the national share. None of them tells you how many posts are open today.
Engine and Other Machine Assemblers beside other roles in Alabama
The all-occupations median in Alabama is $45,670 per year. It covers the full local job mix and does not replace the missing exact Engine and Other Machine Assemblers median. WageScope cannot calculate a same-unit wage gap from the role to that broader row.
No nearest-pay role list is shown for this row. Such a list needs an exact local median in the same wage unit. A title, employment count, or national wage cannot supply that missing input.
Other roles in Alabama still have their own source pages. Use those pages for their own official estimates, with each SOC code and period intact. Do not infer common tasks, skills, career paths, or pay for Engine and Other Machine Assemblers from another role's number.
Retail Salespersons is the largest detailed occupation in the bounded Alabama table, at 60,880 jobs. Engine and Other Machine Assemblers has 2,520 jobs in its exact role-place row. The two counts show where this role sits beside other large parts of the local job base.
The all-occupations job count is 2,113,660. The detailed list below is only a bounded view of that larger mix. It does not sum to every local job. It does not include a blank role as zero. It helps explain why one role's wage and job count should not stand in for the whole area.
A large role can have a lower median. A smaller role can have a higher one. Job count does not show current posts, job quality, or growth. Use the list to see local scale. Then keep Engine and Other Machine Assemblers's own median, spread, and share in their own fields.
1. Retail Salespersons has 60,880 jobs in Alabama, a gap of 58,360 from Engine and Other Machine Assemblers. Its median is $30,040 per year, or not available. Its location quotient is 1.15.
2. Registered Nurses has 54,340 jobs in Alabama, a gap of 51,820 from Engine and Other Machine Assemblers. Its median is $77,080 per year, or not available. Its location quotient is 1.18.
Area pay mix
Published role medians around Alabama
Software Developers has the highest published median in the bounded Alabama role table, at $122,540 per year. Engine and Other Machine Assemblers has Not published. This puts the role beside a local pay range without blending the source rows.
The local all-occupations median is $45,670 per year. A role above that mark is not better. A role below it is not worse. The mark only shows where the role's published median sits against the full covered job mix. Job tasks, level, hours, and work setting are separate facts.
The bullets keep each SOC title, job count, median, and local share together. Use them to find a role page worth opening. Do not use a close median as proof that two roles share skills or that one is a path to the other.
1. Software Developers has a median of $122,540 per year in Alabama, or not available. BLS lists 17,450 jobs, compared with 2,520 for Engine and Other Machine Assemblers. Its location quotient is 0.76.
2. General and Operations Managers has a median of $111,790 per year in Alabama, or not available. BLS lists 30,170 jobs, compared with 2,520 for Engine and Other Machine Assemblers. Its location quotient is 0.63.
3. Registered Nurses has a median of $77,080 per year in Alabama, or not available. BLS lists 54,340 jobs, compared with 2,520 for Engine and Other Machine Assemblers. Its location quotient is 1.18.
Area role shares
Roles with the largest local share in Alabama
Cooks, Fast Food has the highest location quotient in the bounded Alabama role table, at 3.07. Engine and Other Machine Assemblers has 5.45. Both values compare a local job share with the matching national share.
A quotient above 1 means the role takes a larger share of local jobs than it does across the nation. It does not mean more jobs than every other role. It does not mean open posts, growth, or high pay. The job count and median beside each row answer those other narrow questions.
The local role-share mix can differ a lot from the pay mix. Read both lists. Then compare Engine and Other Machine Assemblers with the same SOC code in another place. This keeps a broad area pattern from replacing the exact role-place row.
1. Cooks, Fast Food has a location quotient of 3.07 in Alabama, a gap of 2.38 from Engine and Other Machine Assemblers. BLS lists 26,740 jobs and a median of $27,870 per year, or not available.
2. Industrial Machinery Mechanics has a location quotient of 2.99 in Alabama, a gap of 2.46 from Engine and Other Machine Assemblers. BLS lists 17,850 jobs and a median of $61,920 per year, or not available.
3. Miscellaneous Assemblers and Fabricators has a location quotient of 2.79 in Alabama, a gap of 2.66 from Engine and Other Machine Assemblers. BLS lists 53,280 jobs and a median of $42,700 per year, or not available.
Price-level view
Why a wage price proxy is unavailable in Alabama
No national-price-dollar wage proxy is available for Engine and Other Machine Assemblers in Alabama because BLS did not publish the exact median needed for that math. A missing or top-coded median is not zero and is not an exact wage input.
BEA separately published a 2024 all-items price index of 88.8 for Alabama. The U.S. level is 100. This source can describe broad local prices, but it cannot supply the missing BLS wage for SOC 51-2031.
A price-level wage calculation needs a published wage in the correct unit and an exact reviewed price-area match. Until both inputs exist, WageScope leaves that answer open. Published employment, source dates, and wage-status fields remain useful on their own without an inferred spending-power claim.
The employment RSE for this Engine and Other Machine Assemblers row is 4.5%. The mean-wage RSE is Not published. RSE means relative standard error. It is a survey precision flag. A smaller value often means less sampling uncertainty. It is not the chance that one person's pay is right or wrong.
The employment RSE belongs to the 2,520 job estimate. The mean-wage RSE belongs to the Not published mean. BLS does not give the same RSE field for the median or every percentile. WageScope does not move an RSE from one field to another.
A local row can change in a new release. A small role-place sample can also have more survey uncertainty than a broad national row. Keep the May 2025 date next to the value. Do not mix a newer job post with the BLS date as if both facts came from one clock.
The job block looks for strict employer-title matches to Engine and Other Machine Assemblers. It uses a Alabama place filter only when the public place list has an exact approved match. If that match is not safe, the page says the jobs are not narrowed to this place. A false negative is safer than showing a different role.
Each card keeps its employer, place, source, and seen date. Listings can change between visits while the survey figures stay tied to their release date. A listing range does not replace the Not published BLS median. The listing and survey answer different questions.
Open one listing. Check its level, work place, pay range, and needs. Then tailor with work facts you can support. Do not turn a wage, job count, rank, or price proxy into a résumé claim. The public page is read only. It does not save a job or start a draft on load.
What the Engine and Other Machine Assemblers row for Alabama does not claim
The row does not say what one person earns. It does not promise a job, offer, raise, or move result. It does not say why the local median differs from the U.S. row. It does not add tips, bonus pay, stock, benefits, taxes, or work hours unless those items are in the BLS wage measure.
The 2,520 job estimate is not a live opening count. The location quotient of 5.45 is not a growth score. The unranked row is not a place score. The 88.8 price index is not a personal budget.
Use the row for one clear task. Read the May 2025 wage spread for SOC 51-2031 in BLS area 01. Compare the same metric with the state and U.S. rows. Add the separate 2024 price level when present. Inspect a dated job match. Then use confirmed work facts for a résumé.
BLS published an employment estimate of 2,520 wage and salary jobs for this exact row. It is a survey estimate, not a current opening count or forecast.
Are the current job listings included in the BLS wage calculation?
No. MeritLog shows eligible live public-catalog listings separately, with their own source and observation date. Posted pay never changes the official BLS distribution.
4. Area 01, SOC 53-7065, Stockers and Order Fillers: 46,580 jobs, $34,290 annual median, 22.04 jobs per 1,000, and 1.21 location quotient.
5. Area 01, SOC 41-2011, Cashiers: 46,420 jobs, $28,250 annual median, 21.96 jobs per 1,000, and 1.11 location quotient.
6. Area 01, SOC 43-6014, Secretaries and Administrative Assistants, Except Legal, Medical, and Executive: 45,050 jobs, $41,630 annual median, 21.31 jobs per 1,000, and 1.94 location quotient.
3. New Hampshire has a Engine and Other Machine Assemblers median of $70,150 per year, or not available. BLS lists 160 jobs there, compared with 2,520 in Alabama. The location quotient is 1.05.
4. Oregon has a Engine and Other Machine Assemblers median of $63,420 per year, or not available. BLS lists 110 jobs there, compared with 2,520 in Alabama. The location quotient is 0.26.
5. Connecticut has a Engine and Other Machine Assemblers median of $61,320 per year, or not available. BLS lists 170 jobs there, compared with 2,520 in Alabama. The location quotient is 0.46.
6. Michigan has a Engine and Other Machine Assemblers median of $60,950 per year, or not available. BLS lists 5,030 jobs there, compared with 2,520 in Alabama. The location quotient is 5.22.
7. Minnesota has a Engine and Other Machine Assemblers median of $58,820 per year, or not available. BLS lists 270 jobs there, compared with 2,520 in Alabama. The location quotient is 0.41.
8. Arkansas has a Engine and Other Machine Assemblers median of $54,620 per year, or not available. BLS lists 70 jobs there, compared with 2,520 in Alabama. The location quotient is 0.26.
3. North Carolina has 2,750 estimated Engine and Other Machine Assemblers jobs, a gap of 230 jobs from Alabama. Its median is $45,750 per year, or not available. Its location quotient is 2.55.
4. South Carolina has 1,960 estimated Engine and Other Machine Assemblers jobs, a gap of 560 jobs from Alabama. Its median is $46,950 per year, or not available. Its location quotient is 3.88.
5. New York has 1,330 estimated Engine and Other Machine Assemblers jobs, a gap of 1,190 jobs from Alabama. Its median is $46,460 per year, or not available. Its location quotient is 0.63.
6. Kentucky has 1,180 estimated Engine and Other Machine Assemblers jobs, a gap of 1,340 jobs from Alabama. Its median is $41,580 per year, or not available. Its location quotient is 2.7.
7. California has 1,170 estimated Engine and Other Machine Assemblers jobs, a gap of 1,350 jobs from Alabama. Its median is $46,810 per year, or not available. Its location quotient is 0.29.
8. Missouri has 1,020 estimated Engine and Other Machine Assemblers jobs, a gap of 1,500 jobs from Alabama. Its median is $46,720 per year, or not available. Its location quotient is 1.59.
4. Ohio has a location quotient of 2.83, a gap of 2.62 from Alabama. BLS lists 3,430 Engine and Other Machine Assemblers jobs and a median of $74,750 per year, or not available.
5. Kentucky has a location quotient of 2.7, a gap of 2.75 from Alabama. BLS lists 1,180 Engine and Other Machine Assemblers jobs and a median of $41,580 per year, or not available.
6. North Carolina has a location quotient of 2.55, a gap of 2.90 from Alabama. BLS lists 2,750 Engine and Other Machine Assemblers jobs and a median of $45,750 per year, or not available.
7. Mississippi has a location quotient of 2.28, a gap of 3.17 from Alabama. BLS lists 580 Engine and Other Machine Assemblers jobs and a median of $46,610 per year, or not available.
8. Missouri has a location quotient of 1.59, a gap of 3.86 from Alabama. BLS lists 1,020 Engine and Other Machine Assemblers jobs and a median of $46,720 per year, or not available.
3. Miscellaneous Assemblers and Fabricators has 53,280 jobs in Alabama, a gap of 50,760 from Engine and Other Machine Assemblers. Its median is $42,700 per year, or not available. Its location quotient is 2.79.
4. Stockers and Order Fillers has 46,580 jobs in Alabama, a gap of 44,060 from Engine and Other Machine Assemblers. Its median is $34,290 per year, or not available. Its location quotient is 1.21.
5. Cashiers has 46,420 jobs in Alabama, a gap of 43,900 from Engine and Other Machine Assemblers. Its median is $28,250 per year, or not available. Its location quotient is 1.11.
6. Secretaries and Administrative Assistants, Except Legal, Medical, and Executive has 45,050 jobs in Alabama, a gap of 42,530 from Engine and Other Machine Assemblers. Its median is $41,630 per year, or not available. Its location quotient is 1.94.
7. Fast Food and Counter Workers has 41,460 jobs in Alabama, a gap of 38,940 from Engine and Other Machine Assemblers. Its median is $23,700 per year, or not available. Its location quotient is 0.79.
8. Heavy and Tractor-Trailer Truck Drivers has 36,650 jobs in Alabama, a gap of 34,130 from Engine and Other Machine Assemblers. Its median is $52,120 per year, or not available. Its location quotient is 1.31.
4. Accountants and Auditors has a median of $74,880 per year in Alabama, or not available. BLS lists 24,300 jobs, compared with 2,520 for Engine and Other Machine Assemblers. Its location quotient is 1.23.
5. First-Line Supervisors of Production and Operating Workers has a median of $73,060 per year in Alabama, or not available. BLS lists 20,670 jobs, compared with 2,520 for Engine and Other Machine Assemblers. Its location quotient is 2.26.
6. Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Except Technical and Scientific Products has a median of $64,140 per year in Alabama, or not available. BLS lists 20,470 jobs, compared with 2,520 for Engine and Other Machine Assemblers. Its location quotient is 1.22.
7. Industrial Machinery Mechanics has a median of $61,920 per year in Alabama, or not available. BLS lists 17,850 jobs, compared with 2,520 for Engine and Other Machine Assemblers. Its location quotient is 2.99.
8. Elementary School Teachers, Except Special Education has a median of $61,380 per year in Alabama, or not available. BLS lists 22,030 jobs, compared with 2,520 for Engine and Other Machine Assemblers. Its location quotient is 1.17.
4. First-Line Supervisors of Production and Operating Workers has a location quotient of 2.26 in Alabama, a gap of 3.19 from Engine and Other Machine Assemblers. BLS lists 20,670 jobs and a median of $73,060 per year, or not available.
5. Secretaries and Administrative Assistants, Except Legal, Medical, and Executive has a location quotient of 1.94 in Alabama, a gap of 3.51 from Engine and Other Machine Assemblers. BLS lists 45,050 jobs and a median of $41,630 per year, or not available.
6. First-Line Supervisors of Retail Sales Workers has a location quotient of 1.64 in Alabama, a gap of 3.81 from Engine and Other Machine Assemblers. BLS lists 25,020 jobs and a median of $44,860 per year, or not available.
7. Food Preparation Workers has a location quotient of 1.46 in Alabama, a gap of 3.99 from Engine and Other Machine Assemblers. BLS lists 17,680 jobs and a median of $27,930 per year, or not available.
8. Heavy and Tractor-Trailer Truck Drivers has a location quotient of 1.31 in Alabama, a gap of 4.14 from Engine and Other Machine Assemblers. BLS lists 36,650 jobs and a median of $52,120 per year, or not available.
Engine and Other Machine Assemblers pay in Alabama | BLS 2025
Current jobs
Precise employer-title matches for Engine and Other Machine Assemblers in Alabama
Filtered through MeritLog's approved Alabama place record and a strict employer-title rule. Listings are not classified by BLS and remain separate from BLS and BEA estimates.
